Anesthesia and Amnesia

Anesthesia and Amnesia

One of the core features of “going under” is amnesia for the anesthetized period. Research has shown that anesthetics cause anterograde amnesia in humans but retrograde amnesia in rodents [1-6]. Animal models of anesthesia-induced amnesia generally employ both operant...
Cryoanalgesia in Orthopedic Surgery

Cryoanalgesia in Orthopedic Surgery

Many orthopedic procedures and conditions are associated with severe pain, and unfortunately, are quite common in the US and worldwide (3). The first line pain management therapy is often opioids (3). However, due to the public health ramifications of opioid...
Mechanism of Wound Scarring

Mechanism of Wound Scarring

The burden of wounds is hefty across the United States: in 2018, a retrospective study of Medicare beneficiaries revealed that approximately 8.2 million beneficiaries suffered from infectious and non-infectious wounds in 2014 (1). Wound-associated scars – especially...
Duloxetine for Postoperative Pain

Duloxetine for Postoperative Pain

The opioid epidemic continues to ravage the United States, with the number of drug overdose deaths increasing by 5% from 2018 to 2019 alone and quadrupling since 1999 1. As such, alternative forms of pain medication and pain management protocols are a pressing need,...

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